Introduction

The energy sector plays a crucial role in the economic and social development of any country. However, the conventional energy sources such as coal, oil, and gas, which are the primary sources of energy in South Africa, have resulted in severe environmental and social problems. To address these issues, there has been a growing interest in a just energy transition to more sustainable and cleaner energy sources in the country. The role of civil society is vital in this transition process. This research report examines the role of civil society in the just energy transition in South Africa.

Background

South Africa is heavily dependent on coal for electricity production, accounting for approximately 86% of its electricity supply. The country is also one of the world’s largest emitters of greenhouse gases, with the energy sector being the primary contributor. The environmental and social impact of coal-fired power plants in South Africa is significant, resulting in high levels of air pollution and contributing to climate change.

The government has recognized the need for a just energy transition and has developed policies and plans to transition to cleaner and more sustainable energy sources. However, the implementation of these policies has been slow, and there is a need for more urgent and effective action to address the energy transition challenge.

Role of Civil Society

Civil society organisations play a vital role in the just energy transition in South Africa. These organisations include non-governmental organisations, community-based organisations, labor unions, faith-based organisations, and academic institutions. Civil society organisations act as watchdogs, holding the government and other actors accountable for their actions and policies.

One of the key roles of civil society organisations is to promote public awareness and understanding of the benefits of a just energy transition. These organisations engage with communities, educate them about the impacts of conventional energy sources, and promote sustainable and cleaner energy sources. They also raise awareness about the need for a just transition that prioritizes social and environmental justice, particularly for marginalized communities that are most affected by energy poverty.

Civil society organisations also advocate for policy change and influence policy development to ensure that the transition to a low-carbon economy is just and inclusive. They engage with government officials, policymakers, and other stakeholders to ensure that policies are aligned with the principles of social and environmental justice. Civil society organisations also lobby for policies that prioritize the needs of vulnerable communities, such as low-income households and rural communities.

In addition, civil society organisations provide a platform for public participation and engagement in the energy transition process. They enable communities to voice their concerns, provide feedback, and participate in decision-making processes. Civil society organisations also provide technical expertise and knowledge to inform policy development and implementation.

Challenges and Opportunities

Despite the critical role of civil society organisations in the just energy transition, there are several challenges that limit their effectiveness. One of the main challenges is limited funding, which hinders their capacity to carry out advocacy and awareness-raising activities. Civil society organisations also face challenges in engaging with policymakers and other stakeholders, particularly those who are resistant to change.

However, there are also opportunities for civil society organisations to play a more significant role in the energy transition. The government’s recognition of the need for a just energy transition provides an enabling environment for civil society organisations to engage and advocate for change. There are also opportunities for partnerships and collaboration with other actors, including the private sector and international organisations, to leverage resources and expertise.

Conclusion

In conclusion, civil society organisations play a vital role in the just energy transition in South Africa. They promote public awareness and understanding of the benefits of a just transition, advocate for policy change, provide a platform for public participation, and offer technical expertise and knowledge. While there are challenges that limit their effectiveness, there are also opportunities for civil society organisations to play a more significant role in the energy transition. It is essential to support and empower civil society organisations to ensure a just and equitable transition.

Dr Ric Amansure: Head of Communications, Fund- and Business Development

The views and opinions expressed in the article are solely that of the author, and not the IJR.